What causes The War Of Roses?

What are the factors leading to the war of roses?

And what happen during the war?.

What happened to the the house of York?

What causes The War Of Roses?
The Wars of the Roses were a series of civil wars fought in medieval England from 1455 to 1487 between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. The name Wars of the Roses is based on the badges used by the two sides, the red rose for the Lancastrians and the white rose for the Yorkists. Major causes of the conflict include: 1) both houses were direct descendents of king Edward III; 2) the ruling Lancastrian king, Henry VI, surrounded himself with unpopular nobles; 3) the civil unrest of much of the population; 4) the availability of many powerful lords with their own private armies; and the untimely episodes of mental illness by king Henry VI.

It was in this year [1411], that Richard Plantagenet was born to Richard, fifth Earl of Cambridge and Anne Mortimer. His father was the son of Edmund, the first Duke of York, who was in turn the fourth son of Edward III. If Henry VI had died before 1453, the year of the birth of Edward, Prince of Wales, then Richard would have undoubtedly been crowned King of England, since there was no other noble (since the death of Henry VI's uncle and heir Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, who had died in 1447) with such a strong claim to the throne at that time, other than Richard himself.



Being so highly placed in the royal household, Richard was destined to play a significant role in the Government and politics of England throughout his lifetime and in England's affairs in France during the later stages of the Hundred Years War. He was appointed Lieutenant of France in 1436. Throughout his service in Europe, he had to pay for the services of his men and finance the army in France from his own personal funds.



Although York was a wealthy man in his own right, (York was the sole benefactor of the childless Edmund Mortimer, who had died of plague in Ireland in 1425). It was his marriage to Cicely Neville in 1438 (who was known as 'The Rose of Raby'), daughter to Ralph Neville, Earl of Westmoreland and sister of Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury, which had brought him great wealth. Thus, he was able, albiet unhappily in doing so, to fund the English army overseas. By the time he left France, York had forwarded some ￡38,000 of his own money to maintain English interests in France. To add insult to injury, in 1445 he was replaced as Lieutenant of France by Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset. It is not to be doubted that it was on Somerset's advice (who was Henry VI cousin, and someone Henry trusted more than the Duke of York) that Henry VI created York Lieutenant of Ireland, which was in reality, exile by office. Somerset was no doubt fearful of York, a fear enhanced by the fact that Somerset, a man whom York equally detested, and a favourite of Henry VI was forwarded funds to the sum of ￡25,000 to sustain the king's army in France.
Reply:The Wars of the Roses (1455–1485) were a series of civil wars fought over the throne of England between adherents of the House of Lancaster and the House of York. Both houses were branches of the Plantagenet royal house, tracing descent from King Edward III.



The Wars were fought largely by the landed aristocracy and armies of feudal retainers. Support for each house largely depended upon dynastic factors, such as marriages within the nobility, feudal titles, and tenures. It is sometimes difficult to follow the shifts of power and allegiance as nobles acquired or lost titles through marriage, confiscation or attainture. For example, the Lancastrian patriarch John of Gaunt's first title was Earl of Richmond, the same title which Henry VII later held, while the Yorkist patriarch Edmund of Langley's first title was Earl of Cambridge.



The name "Wars of the Roses" is not thought to have been used during the time of the wars, but has its origins in the badges associated with the two royal houses, the Red Rose of Lancaster and the White Rose of York. The term itself came into common use only in the nineteenth century, after the publication of Anne of Geierstein by Sir Walter Scott. Scott based the name on a fictional scene in Shakespeare's play Henry VI Part 1, where the opposing sides pick their different-coloured roses at the Temple Church.



Although the roses were occasionally used as symbols during the wars themselves, most of the participants wore badges associated with their immediate feudal lords or protectors. The unofficial system of livery and maintenance, by which powerful nobles would offer protection to followers who would sport their colours and badges (livery) was one of the effects of the breakdown of royal authority which preceded and partly caused the wars. For example, Henry's forces at Bosworth fought under the banner of a red dragon, while the Yorkist army used the symbol of a white boar. Evidence of the importance of the rose symbols at the time, however, includes the fact that King Henry VII chose at the end of the wars to combine the red and white roses into a single red and white Tudor Rose.
Reply:Weak kings and arguments over the succession led to the War of the Roses; the roses being the House of York and the House of Lancaster.



The last York king, Richard III, died at Bosworth field, but the York line continued through the distaff side when Henry VII of the House of Lancaster became king and married Elizabeth of the House of York, Richard's niece, mother of Henry VIII and grandmother of Elizabeth I.
Reply:who will be king of england. the family marriage together another. York family marriage the Tudor family. Elizabeth and Henry 7 have a son named Henry the 8.
Reply:Henry Bolingbroke (Henry IV) overthrew Richard II. Henry had royal blood, and Richard was an unpopular king, so even though Henry's claim to the thrown was weak, it was tolerated.

There is a deeper backstory here, as Richard had exiled Henry and his father, and that Richard did not have any children, but his nephew Roger Mortimer and then Roger's son Edmund were before Henry in the line of succession.

Henry's father, John of Gaunt (and the third son of Edward III) was the Duke of Lancaster, therefore Henry and his descendants would be called Lancastrians and were represented by a red rose.

Meanwhile, the Mortimer's claim to the throne passed through Edmund's sister, Anne, to Richard Plantagenet, whose child, Edward, would become King Edward IV. Richard and Edward were Dukes of York, hence Yorkists, and they were represented by a white rose. When Edward became king the dukedom merged with the Crown.

The Tudors were the progeny of Owen Tudor and his wife Catherine of Valois, who was Henry V's former wife. They had a child, Edmund, who had a child, Henry...Henry would reign as Henry VII. He was the first non Avengin or Plantagenet king since Henry II began his reign 300 years earlier.

Henry VII's symbol would combine the white and the red rose to create the "Tudor Rose," symbolizing the reunification of England under one undisputed ruler and lineage.



Remember, while all this was going on, England was in the midst of the Hundred Years War with France.

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